Recommendations for diagnostic imaging in assessment of nonneurological female urinary incontinence

Apart from ultrasound (US) assessment of post-voiding residual urine, radiological examinations are not recommended for the initial workup of nonneurological female urinary incontinence. Cystography is not recommended as a first-line examination to evaluate uncomplicated stress, urge or mixed urinary incontinence. Cystography may be recommended in the case of complex, complicated or relapsing urinary incontinence, discordance between clinical findings and urodynamic assessment or in the presence of associated prolapse, where colpocystodefecography or MRID (dynamic MRI) should be prefered to cystography. US is not recommended for the initial workup of pure stress urinary incontinence. US is recommended for the evaluation of the postvoid residual, without forced diuresis, and for the assessment of the complications of suburethral tapes. US is an optional examination in the case of complex, complicated or relapsing urinary incontinence, discordance between clinical findings and urodynamic assessment or in the presence of associated prolapse. Dynamic MRI is not currently recommended for the initial work-up of urinary incontinence.