Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in Women Who Are Candidates for In Vitro Fertilization in a Private Reference Service in Southern Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) has been related to fallopian tube damage and infertility. Its prevalence in the population that attend public services is known; however, there is scant data on this factor in private infertility clinics. The objective of this study is to verify the prevalence of CT among women attending a private in vitro fertilization (IVF) reference clinic in southern Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out between January 1, 2019, and August 30, 2021, at an IVF private clinic in southern Brazil. Infertile women between 18 and 50 years old, who provided a morning urinary sample for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for CT analysis, were included in the study. The variables studied included the patients age, body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility, type of infertility, indication for IVF, and detection or not of CT in the urine. Results The prevalence of CT was 10.84% (22 out of 203; 95% CI: 7.27-15.87). Patients with secondary infertility were older and had more ovarian and tubal factors compared to cases of primary infertility. The tubal factor was the most prevalent (27.3% in women with primary infertility and 35.8% in those with secondary). Time of infertility and BMI were similar between groups. Our results are derived from a single private IVF clinic which reduces the external validity. Conclusion The prevalence of 10.84% of CT in this population raises the importance of screening for sexually transmitted infections for proper treatment and to achieve better IVF outcomes.