Exercise programs may be effective in preventing a new episode of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Question: What is the effectiveness of interventions that aim to prevent a new episode of neck pain? Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials. Participants: People without neck pain at study entry. Intervention: Any intervention aiming to prevent a future episode of neck pain. Outcome measures: New episode of neck pain. Results: Five trials including a total of 3852 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The pooled results from two randomised, controlled trials (500 participants) found moderate-quality evidence that exercise reduces the risk of a new episode of neck pain (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.86). One of the meta-analysed trials included some co-interventions with the exercise. There was low-quality evidence from three randomised, controlled trials (3352 participants) that ergonomic programs do not reduce the risk of a new neck pain episode (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.35). Conclusion: This review found moderate-quality evidence supporting the effectiveness of an exercise program for reducing the risk of a new episode of neck pain. There is a need for high-quality randomised, controlled trials evaluating interventions to prevent new episodes of neck pain. (C) 2018 Australian Physiotherapy Association. Published by Elsevier B.V.