Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation by Long Non-coding RNA

被引:710
作者
Dykes, Iain M. [1 ]
Emanueli, Costanza [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bristol, Sch Clin Sci, Bristol BS2 8HW, Avon, England
[2] Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW7 2AZ, England
关键词
CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; HOST GENE; WIDESPREAD TRANSCRIPTION; DOWN-REGULATION; CIRCULAR RNAS; DARK-MATTER; CHROMATIN; H19; EXPRESSION; GENOME;
D O I
10.1016/j.gpb.2016.12.005
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Advances in genomics technology over recent years have led to the surprising discovery that the genome is far more pervasively transcribed than was previously appreciated. Much of the newly-discovered transcriptome appears to represent long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a heterogeneous group of largely uncharacterised transcripts. Understanding the biological function of these molecules represents a major challenge and in this review we discuss some of the progress made to date. One major theme of lncRNA biology seems to be the existence of a network of interactions with microRNA (miRNA) pathways. lncRNA has been shown to act as both a source and an inhibitory regulator of miRNA. At the transcriptional level, a model is emerging whereby lncRNA bridges DNA and protein by binding to chromatin and serving as a scaffold for modifying protein complexes. Such a mechanism can bridge promoters to enhancers or enhancer-like non-coding genes by regulating chromatin looping, as well as conferring specificity on histone modifying complexes by directing them to specific loci.
引用
收藏
页码:177 / 186
页数:10
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