This paper provides a new analytical robust stability checking method of fractional-order linear time invariant interval uncertain system. This paper continues the authors ' previous work [YangQuan Chen, Hyo-Sung Ahm, I. Podlubny, Robust stability check of fractional-order linear time invariant systems with interval uncertainties, in: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, Niagara Falls, Canada, July, 2005, pp. 210-215] where matrix perturbation theory was used. For the new robust stability checking, Lyapunov inequality is utilized for finding the maximum eigenvalue of a Hermitian matrix. Through numerical examples, the usefulness and the effectiveness of the newly proposed method are verified. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.