Gasoline cars produce more carbonaceous particulate matter than modern filter-equipped diesel cars

被引:126
作者
Platt, S. M. [1 ,2 ]
El Haddad, I. [1 ]
Pieber, S. M. [1 ]
Zardini, A. A.
Suarez-Bertoa, R. [3 ]
Clairotte, M. [3 ]
Daellenbach, K. R. [1 ]
Huang, R. -J. [1 ,10 ]
Slowik, J. G. [1 ]
Hellebust, S. [4 ,11 ]
Temime-Roussel, B. [4 ]
Marchand, N. [4 ]
de Gouw, J. [5 ,6 ]
Jimenez, J. L. [6 ,7 ]
Hayes, P. L. [8 ]
Robinson, A. L. [9 ]
Baltensperger, U. [1 ]
Astorga, C. [3 ]
Prevot, A. S. H. [1 ]
机构
[1] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
[2] NILU Norwegian Inst Air Res, POB 100, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway
[3] European Commiss, Directorate Energy Transport & Climate, Sustainable Transport Unit, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
[4] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
[5] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA
[6] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO USA
[7] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[8] Univ Montreal, Dept Chim, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[9] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[10] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Key Lab Aerosol Chem & Phys, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China
[11] Cent Stat Off, Cork, Ireland
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLES; PRIMARY EMISSIONS; LOS-ANGELES; IN-USE; FUEL; EXHAUST; IMPACT; AFTERTREATMENT; RATIOS;
D O I
10.1038/s41598-017-03714-9
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Carbonaceous particulate matter (PM), comprising black carbon (BC), primary organic aerosol (POA) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA, from atmospheric aging of precursors), is a highly toxic vehicle exhaust component. Therefore, understanding vehicle pollution requires knowledge of both primary emissions, and how these emissions age in the atmosphere. We provide a systematic examination of carbonaceous PM emissions and parameterisation of SOA formation from modern diesel and gasoline cars at different temperatures (22, -7 degrees C) during controlled laboratory experiments. Carbonaceous PM emission and SOA formation is markedly higher from gasoline than diesel particle filter (DPF) and catalyst-equipped diesel cars, more so at -7 degrees C, contrasting with nitrogen oxides (NOX). Higher SOA formation from gasoline cars and primary emission reductions for diesels implies gasoline cars will increasingly dominate vehicular total carbonaceous PM, though older non-DPF-equipped diesels will continue to dominate the primary fraction for some time. Supported by state-of-the-art source apportionment of ambient fossil fuel derived PM, our results show that whether gasoline or diesel cars are more polluting depends on the pollutant in question, i.e. that diesel cars are not necessarily worse polluters than gasoline cars.
引用
收藏
页数:9
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