Investigation of heat transfer equations for evaluation of drinkable water production rate as an efficiency of closed solar desalination pond

In many developing countries, access to clean and drinkable water is a major necessity. The sweetening of saline water in these areas is used to provide water used in different ways. The solar distillation is a long-standing solar technology. The aim of this research is to calculate the efficiency of a solar desalination pond in order to produce fresh water. To achieve the purpose of research and validation of the obtained mathematical results, the experimental measurements are done. The conservation law of energy is considered, mathematics to predict the required heat for the evaporation process. Finally, a new mass transfer equation basis of experimental data is introduced to predict the efficiency of solar desalination pond performance. Obtained results show, the maximum deviation between the experimental and theoretical condensation rate in October is 4.93%, approximately. In addition, this deviation for June is 1.75%, approximately. The results show, the average deviation between the experimental and the theoretical model for 20 June 2018 is less than 0.04%. So, the mathematical equation can predict the efficiency of solar desalination pond precisely.