Differentiating Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorders from Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Given the persistence and rapid changes of symptoms in youth with bipolar spectrum disorder (BPSD) and its effects on normal development and psychosocial functioning, prompt identification and treatment of BPSD in youth are warranted. However, it is often difficult to differentiate BPSD from other common childhood disorders, particularly attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, because some symptoms overlap. Moreover, both disorders are frequently comorbid and each may affect the course and response to treatment of the other disorder, making their differentiation challenging. Therefore, the aims of this article are to review the differential diagnoses between BPSD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and to recommend that the best way to distinguish these two disorders is by thorough assessment of their clinical course. In addition, the effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on the course of BPSD are reviewed.