Selective functionalization of methane, ethane, and higher alkanes by cerium photocatalysis

被引:580
作者
Hu, Anhua [1 ]
Guo, Jing-Jing [1 ]
Pan, Hui [1 ]
Zuo, Zhiwei [1 ]
机构
[1] ShanghaiTech Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
C-H BONDS; HYDROGEN-ATOM TRANSFER; VISIBLE-LIGHT; ABSTRACTION REACTIONS; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; ACTIVATION; SITE; ALKYLATION; BORYLATION;
D O I
10.1126/science.aat9750
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
With the recent soaring production of natural gas, the use of methane and other light hydrocarbon feedstocks as starting materials in synthetic transformations is becoming increasingly economically attractive, although it remains chemically challenging. We report the development of photocatalytic C-H amination, alkylation, and arylation of methane, ethane, and higher alkanes under visible light irradiation at ambient temperature. High catalytic efficiency (turnover numbers up to 2900 for methane and 9700 for ethane) and selectivity were achieved using abundant, inexpensive cerium salts as photocatalysts. Ligand-to-metal charge transfer excitation generated alkoxy radicals from simple alcohols that in turn acted as hydrogen atom transfer catalysts. The mixed-phase gas/liquid reaction was adapted to continuous flow, enabling the efficient use of gaseous feedstocks in scalable photocatalytic transformations.
引用
收藏
页码:668 / +
页数:5
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