A framework for evaluating the influence of climate, dispersal limitation, and biotic interactions using fossil pollen associations across the late Quaternary

被引：74

作者：

Blois, Jessica L. ^{[1
]}

Gotelli, Nicholas J. ^{[2
]}

Behrensmeyer, Anna K. ^{[3
,19
]}

Faith, J. Tyler ^{[5
]}

Lyons, S. Kathleen ^{[3
,19
]}

Williams, John W. ^{[6
,20
]}

Amatangelo, Kathryn L. ^{[7
]}

Bercovici, Antoine ^{[8
]}

Du, Andrew ^{[9
]}

Eronen, Jussi T. ^{[10
]}

Graves, Gary R. ^{[11
,12
]}

Jud, Nathan ^{[13
]}

Labandeira, Conrad ^{[3
,4
,19
]}

Looy, Cindy V. ^{[14
,21
]}

McGill, Brian ^{[15
,22
]}

Patterson, David ^{[9
]}

Potts, Richard ^{[16
]}

Riddle, Brett ^{[17
]}

Terry, Rebecca ^{[18
]}

Toth, Aniko ^{[3
,19
]}

Villasenor, Amelia ^{[9
]}

Wing, Scott ^{[3
,19
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA

[2] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA

[3] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA

[4] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[5] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia

[6] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[7] SUNY Coll Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420 USA

[8] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, Lund, Sweden

[9] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Hominid Paleobiol Doctoral Program, Washington, DC USA

[10] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, Helsinki, Finland

[11] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA

[12] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark

[13] Univ Maryland, Biol Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[14] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[15] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME USA

[16] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA

[17] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA

[18] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA

[19] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, ETE Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA

[20] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA

[21] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[22] Univ Maine, Sustainabil Solut Initiat, Orono, ME USA

来源：

ECOGRAPHY | 2014年 / 37卷 / 11期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

NULL MODEL ANALYSIS; SPECIES COOCCURRENCE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; LAST DEGLACIATION; PATTERNS; OSCILLATIONS; COMMUNITIES; ENVIRONMENT; CHALLENGES; RECORD;

D O I：

10.1111/ecog.00779

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Environmental conditions, dispersal lags, and interactions among species are major factors structuring communities through time and across space. Ecologists have emphasized the importance of biotic interactions in determining local patterns of species association. In contrast, abiotic limits, dispersal limitation, and historical factors have commonly been invoked to explain community structure patterns at larger spatiotemporal scales, such as the appearance of late Pleistocene no-analog communities or latitudinal gradients of species richness in both modern and fossil assemblages. Quantifying the relative influence of these processes on species co-occurrence patterns is not straightforward. We provide a framework for assessing causes of species associations by combining a null-model analysis of co-occurrence with additional analyses of climatic differences and spatial pattern for pairs of pollen taxa that are significantly associated across geographic space. We tested this framework with data on associations among 106 fossil pollen taxa and paleoclimate simulations from eastern North America across the late Quaternary. The number and proportion of significantly associated taxon pairs increased over time, but only 449 of 56 194 taxon pairs were significantly different from random. Within this significant subset of pollen taxa, biotic interactions were rarely the exclusive cause of associations. Instead, climatic or spatial differences among sites were most frequently associated with significant patterns of taxon association. Most taxon pairs that exhibited co-occurrence patterns indicative of biotic interactions at one time did not exhibit significant associations at other times. Evidence for environmental filtering and dispersal limitation was weakest for aggregated pairs between 16 and 11 kyr BP, suggesting enhanced importance of positive species interactions during this interval. The framework can thus be used to identify species associations that may reflect biotic interactions because these associations are not tied to environmental or spatial differences. Furthermore, temporally repeated analyses of spatial associations can reveal whether such associations persist through time.

引用

页码：1095 / 1108

页数：14

共 68 条

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