Cultural competence for disaster nursing: A scoping review of the Chinese and English literature

Cultural competence in nursing is critical to ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all; however, its importance is often ignored by public health researchers and authorities and it remains underexploited as a concept especially in disaster relief planning. The existing literature on cultural competence and frameworks does not fully consider the complexities of the disaster context. This study explores the components of cultural competence by addressing the nursing aspects in disaster relief situations and proposes a disaster nursing cultural competence frame-work. It uses a scoping review methodology to explore cultural competence from a nursing perspective. Out of a total of 634 papers extracted, 23 were included in the review and analysed using content analysis. Overall, qualitative studies (n = 10) represented the largest group, fol-lowed by experience reports (reporting authors' own disaster relief experience first-hand) (n = 8). Content analysis revealed that good practice (n = 11) and culturally relevant challenges, diffi-culties, or mistakes (n = 12) were the most frequently discussed. The key domains included cultural desire, cultural awareness, cultural knowledge and skills, and cultural encounters. Our synthesis of the scoping review findings yielded a disaster nursing cultural competence frame-work, with four domains, 16 components, and 17 sub-components.