Outcomes and prognostic factors of non-HIV patients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and pulmonary CMV co-infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study

被引:49
作者
Yu, Qing [1 ]
Jia, Peng [1 ]
Su, Li [1 ]
Zhao, Hong [2 ]
Que, Chengli [1 ]
机构
[1] Peking Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Resp & Crit Care Med, Beijing 100034, Peoples R China
[2] Peking Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Infect Dis, Beijing 100034, Peoples R China
关键词
Pneumocystis jiroveciipneumonia; Cytomegalovirus; CMVDNA load; Prognosis; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; REAL-TIME PCR; CARINII-PNEUMONIA; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; TRANSPLANT PATIENTS; CT FINDINGS; AIDS; DISEASES; MORTALITY;
D O I
10.1186/s12879-017-2492-8
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) and pulmonary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are common opportunistic infections among immunocompromised patients. However, few studies have evaluated their co-infection, especially among non-HIV patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes and prognostic factors among non-HIV patients with PJP according to their CMV infection status. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated non-HIV patients who were diagnosed with PJP between January 2009 and January2016. The patients were classified and compared according to their pulmonary CMV infection status (positive infection: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF] CMV DNA loads of >500copies/mL). Results:Among 70 non-HIV patients with PJP, we identified 38 patients (54.3%) with pulmonary CMV infection. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates for the two groups (p = 0.15). Pulmonary CMV infection was significantly more common among patients who were receiving glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, compared to corticosteroids only (p = 0.02). Pulmonary CMV infection was also significantly associated with severe dyspnea, a lower PaO2/FiO(2), and the presence of centrilobular nodules (p = 0.008). Higher CMV DNA loads in the BALF were positively associated with mortality (p = 0.012). Conclusions: Combined therapy using corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants may be a risk factor for pulmonary CMV co-infection among patients with PJP. In addition, CMV pneumonia should be considered when centrilobular nodules and/or severe hypoxemia are observed in non-HIV patients with PJP. Furthermore, antiviral treatment should be promptly initiated for patients with a high CMV DNA load in BALF, based on their poor prognosis.
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页数:7
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