What Causes Radiation Belt Enhancements: A Survey of the Van Allen Probes Era

被引：75

作者：

Boyd, A. J. ^{[1
]}

Turner, D. L. ^{[2
]}

Reeves, G. D. ^{[1
,3
]}

Spence, H. E. ^{[4
]}

Baker, D. N. ^{[5
]}

Blake, J. B. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA

[2] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA

[3] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

[4] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[5] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2018年 / 45卷 / 11期

关键词：

Radiation Belt; Phase Space Density; Local Acceleration; Van Allen Probes; THEMIS; HIGHLY RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; PHASE-SPACE DENSITY; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SEED POPULATION; ACCELERATION; WAVES; MAGNETOSPHERE; ENERGIZATION; MECHANISMS; DIFFUSION;

D O I：

10.1029/2018GL077699

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

We survey radiation belt enhancement events during the Van Allen Probes era to determine what mechanism is the dominant cause of enhancements and where it is most effective. Two primary mechanisms have been proposed: (1) betatron/Fermi acceleration due to the Earthward radial transport of electrons, which produces monotonic gradients in phase space density (PSD), and (2) "local acceleration" due to gyro/Landau resonant interaction with electromagnetic waves, which produces radially localized growing peaks in PSD. To differentiate between these processes, we examine radial profiles of PSD in adiabatic coordinates using data from the Van Allen Probes and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms satellites for 80 outer belt enhancement events from October 2012 to April 2017 This study shows that local acceleration is the dominant acceleration mechanism for MeV electrons in the outer belt, with 87% of the enhancement events exhibiting growing peaks. The strong correlation of the location of these with geomagnetic activity further supports this conclusion.

引用

页码：5253 / 5259

页数：7

共 35 条

[1] First results from the THEMIS mission [J].

Angelopoulos, V. ;

Sibeck, D. ;

Carlson, C.W. ;

McFadden, J.P. ;

Larson, D. ;

Lin, R.P. ;

Bonnell, J.W. ;

Mozer, F.S. ;

Ergun, R. ;

Cully, C. ;

Glassmeier, K.H. ;

Auster, U. ;

Roux, A. ;

Lecontel, O. ;

Frey, S. ;

Phan, T. ;

Mende, S. ;

Frey, H. ;

Donovan, E. ;

Russell, C.T. ;

Strangeway, R. ;

Liu, J. ;

Mann, I. ;

Rae, J. ;

Raeder, J. ;

Li, X. ;

Liu, W. ;

Singer, H.J. ;

Sergeev, V.A. ;

Apatenkov, S. ;

Parks, G. ;

Fillingim, M. ;

Sigwarth, J. .

Space Science Reviews, 2008, 141 (1-4) :453-476

[2] Gradual diffusion and punctuated phase space density enhancements of highly relativistic electrons: Van Allen Probes observations [J].

Baker, D. N. ;

Jaynes, A. N. ;

Li, X. ;

Henderson, M. G. ;

Kanekal, S. G. ;

Reeves, G. D. ;

Spence, H. E. ;

Claudepierre, S. G. ;

Fennell, J. F. ;

Hudson, M. K. ;

Thorne, R. M. ;

Foster, J. C. ;

Erickson, P. J. ;

Malaspina, D. M. ;

Wygant, J. R. ;

Boyd, A. ;

Kletzing, C. A. ;

Drozdov, A. ;

Shprits, Y. Y. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2014, 41 (05) :1351-1358

[3]

Baker D. N., 2014, VAN ALLEN PROBES MIS, P337, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-7433-4-11

[4]

Blake J.B., 2014, SPACE SCI REV, V9781489974, P383, DOI [DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-7433-4-12, 10.1007/978-1-4899-7433-4-12]

[5] Statistical properties of the radiation belt seed population [J].

Boyd, A. J. ;

Spence, H. E. ;

Huang, C. -L. ;

Reeves, G. D. ;

Baker, D. N. ;

Turner, D. L. ;

Claudepierre, S. G. ;

Fennell, J. F. ;

Blake, J. B. ;

Shprits, Y. Y. .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, 2016, 121 (08) :7636-7646

[6] Quantifying the radiation belt seed population in the 17 March 2013 electron acceleration event [J].

Boyd, A. J. ;

Spence, H. E. ;

Claudepierre, S. G. ;

Fennell, J. F. ;

Blake, J. B. ;

Baker, D. N. ;

Reeves, G. D. ;

Turner, D. L. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2014, 41 (07) :2275-2281

[7] The energization of relativistic electrons in the outer Van Allen radiation belt [J].

Chen, Yue ;

Reeves, Geoffrey D. ;

Friedel, Reiner H. W. .

NATURE PHYSICS, 2007, 3 (09) :614-617

[8] Prompt energization of relativistic and highly relativistic electrons during a substorm interval: Van Allen Probes observations [J].

Foster, J. C. ;

Erickson, P. J. ;

Baker, D. N. ;

Claudepierre, S. G. ;

Kletzing, C. A. ;

Kurth, W. ;

Reeves, G. D. ;

Thaller, S. A. ;

Spence, H. E. ;

Shprits, Y. Y. ;

Wygant, J. R. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2014, 41 (01) :20-25

[9] WHAT IS A GEOMAGNETIC STORM [J].

GONZALEZ, WD ;

JOSELYN, JA ;

KAMIDE, Y ;

KROEHL, HW ;

ROSTOKER, G ;

TSURUTANI, BT ;

VASYLIUNAS, VM .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, 1994, 99 (A4) :5771-5792

[10] Relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt: Differentiating between acceleration mechanisms [J].

Green, JC ;

Kivelson, MG .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, 2004, 109 (A3) :A03213

← 1 2 3 4 →