This article concerns the Hamiltonian elliptic system: {-Delta phi+V(x)phi=G psi(x,phi,psi)in RN, -Delta psi+V(x)psi=G phi(x,phi,psi)in R-N, phi,psi is an element of H1(RN). Assuming that the potential V is periodic and 0 lies in a spectral gap of sigma(-Delta+V), least energy solution of the system is obtained for the super-quadratic case with a new technical condition, and the existence of ground state solutions of Nehari-Pankov type is established for the asymptotically quadratic case. The results obtained in the paper generalize and improve related ones in the literature.