Tracking seasonal migrations of redfish (Sebastes spp.) in and around the Gulf of St. Lawrence using otolith elemental fingerprints

Large concentrations of beaked redfish (Sebastes mentella and Sebastes fasciatus) overwinter in the Cabot Strait and the approaches of the Gulf of St. Lawrence each year. Synoptic research vessel surveys indicate that redfish are distributed more widely in the summer than in the winter, particularly within the Gulf. Significant differences in the trace element composition of the otolith ("otolith elemental fingerprint") were observed among summer aggregations, indicating that the aggregations maintained some degree of separation while in the Gulf. Sebastes mentella and S. fasciatus were readily distinguished based on otolith elemental fingerprints. Using the elemental fingerprints of the summer samples as a natural tag, we found that S. mentella tended to move out of the Gulf in the winter. Aggregations of S. mentella found in the east during the summer were not found in our winter collections. The elemental fingerprints of S. mentella from the Saguenay Fjord were clearly distinct from redfish further east in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, indicating that this group had been separated from other redfish for much of their life. The implications of our findings extend not only to the fisheries management of redfish, but also to the extent of movement expected of deep-water fish species.