A first phylogenetic analysis reveals a new arboreal tarantula genus from South America with description of a new species and two new species of Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae)

Based on molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses a new genus of Theraphosidae is described, Peudoclamoris gen. n. Tapinauchenius gigas and Tapinauchenius elenae are transferred to Pseudoelamoris and a new species of Pseudoelamoris from the Amazon Region is described: P. burgessi sp. n. Two new species of Tapinauchenius from the Caribbean arc described: T rasti sp. n. and T polyhotes sp. n. Tapinauchenius subeamileus is considered a nomen dubium. Psalmopoeinae subfamily is diagnosed based on molecular and morphological phylogenies, and Pseudoelamoris gen. n. and Ephebopus Simon, 1892 are included. A taxonomic key for Psalmopoeinae genera Tapinauchenius, Pseudoelamoris, Psalmopocus, and Ephebopus is provided.