Optimized extraction of bioactive compounds from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae with ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents

Ionic liquids with length of alkyl chain and different anions, deep eutectic solvents with choline chloride and 7 different hydrogen bond donors were applied as extraction additives after optimizing the extraction conditions to increase the extraction amounts of rutin, quercetin, and scoparone from Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. The extraction conditions were optimized as follows: refluxing with methanol with a solid/liquid ratio of 1:120 under 60 degrees C for 60 min after changing the different extraction conditions of: extraction methods (dipping, ultrasonic, reflux and soxlet), extraction solvents (methanol, water and ethanol), extraction temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 degrees C), extraction time (30, 60, 80, 100 and 120 min), extraction ratio of solid to liquid (1: 5, 1: 10, 1: 20, 1: 50, 1: 100, 1: 120 and 1: 150). Under these optimal conditions, the best preformed extraction additive among the 7 kinds of ionic liquids and 7 kinds of deep eutectic solvents extraction additives were selected and optimized with its contraction of 0.5mg/mL. Using the most effective extraction additive, [BMIM][Br], 10275.92 mu g/g rutin, 899.73 mu g/g quercetin, and 554.32 mu g/g scoparone were obtained. Overall, ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents have potential applications as extraction additives for the extraction of bioactive compounds from nature plants.