Testing hypothesis for a simple ordering in incomplete contingency tables

A test for ordered categorical variables is of considerable importance, because they are frequently encountered in biomedical studies. This paper introduces a simple ordering test approach for the two-way r x c contingency tables with incomplete counts by developing six test statistics, i.e., the likelihood ratio test statistic, score test statistic, global score test statistic, Hausman-Wald test statistic,Wald test statistic and distance-based test statistic. Bootstrap resampling methods are also presented. The performance of the proposed tests is evaluated with respect to their empirical type I error rates and empirical powers. The results show that the likelihood ratio test statistic based on the bootstrap resampling methods perform satisfactorily for small to large sample sizes. A real example from a wheeze study in six cities is used to illustrate the proposed methodologies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.