Bio Inspired Optimal Relocation of Mobile Sink Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), during data transmission, sensor nodes which are closer to the sink nodes use up their energy earlier than nodes which are away as they relay more data packets. This cause to the energy imbalance in between sensor nodes, and leads to the connectivity holes and coverage holes, and finally lead to network failure. In this paper, we introduce a new method to tackle with this problem by optimal relocation of the mobile sink nodes and hence to balance load between the sensors. The sink nodes relocation is performed by using the bio-inspired Digital Hormone Model. Through this method the sink nodes are being guided to move in an intelligent way towards the optimal location, which basically improves the network lifetime and reduces the energy imbalance. After simulations, has been observed that the proposed method greatly improves the network lifetime on comparing with other available methods. The simulations are performed in java using jdk 6 and jre 6 version software.