Risk of end-stage renal disease from chronic kidney disease defined by decreased glomerular filtration rate in type 1 diabetes: A comparison with type 2 diabetes and the effect of metabolic syndrome

BackgroundWe estimated the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The ESRD risk of CKD in patients with T1D was compared with that of CKD in patients without diabetes and with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We also evaluated the predictive value of metabolic syndrome (MetS) for ESRD development in CKD patients with T1D. Materials and MethodsThe Korean National Health Insurance Service datasets of preventive health check-ups from 2009 to 2016 were used. The risk of incident ESRD was analysed according to the presence and type of diabetes in CKD (defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) patients aged 20 years or older. Incident ESRD risk according to the presence of MetS was calculated among adult patients with CKD and T1D. ResultsDuring 10 701 375.84 person-years of follow-up, 43 693 cases of ESRD developed. Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident ESRD from CKD in the T1D group were 2.580 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.336-2.849) and 9.267 (95% CI, 8.378-10.251) compared with T2D and nondiabetes groups, respectively. In CKD patients with T1D, the presence of MetS increased incident ESRD risk by an HR of 2.023 (95% CI, 1.501-2.727). ConclusionsThe presence of diabetes increases the risk for ESRD development from CKD. Furthermore, patients with T1D have a higher risk for ESRD incidence from CKD than do patients with T2D in a Korean population. MetS may be a useful predictor for ESRD in CKD patients with T1D.