Environmental pollution and social factors as contributors to preterm birth in Fresno County

被引:34
作者
Padula, Amy M. [1 ]
Huang, Hongtai [1 ,2 ]
Baer, Rebecca J. [3 ]
August, Laura M. [4 ]
Jankowska, Marta M. [5 ]
Jellife-Pawlowski, Laura L. [6 ]
Sirota, Marina [2 ]
Woodruff, Tracey J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 550 16th St,Mail Stop 0132, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA USA
[3] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[4] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Sacramento, CA USA
[5] Univ Calif San Diego, Qualcomm Inst Calit2, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[6] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
来源
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH | 2018年 / 17卷
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Preterm birth; Environmental exposure; Social factors; Prematurity; Pollution; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; GESTATIONAL-AGE; DRINKING-WATER; EXPOSURE; OUTCOMES; WEIGHT; RISK; PREGNANCY; HEALTH; ASSOCIATION;
D O I
10.1186/s12940-018-0414-x
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Background: Environmental pollution exposure during pregnancy has been identified as a risk factor for preterm birth. Most studies have evaluated exposures individually and in limited study populations. Methods: We examined the associations between several environmental exposures, both individually and cumulatively, and risk of preterm birth in Fresno County, California. We also evaluated early (< 34 weeks) and spontaneous preterm birth. We used the Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool and linked hospital discharge records by census tract from 2009 to 2012. The environmental factors included air pollution, drinking water contaminants, pesticides, hazardous waste, traffic exposure and others. Social factors, including area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ ethnicity were also evaluated as potential modifiers of the relationship between pollution and preterm birth. Results: In our study of 53,843 births, risk of preterm birth was associated with higher exposure to cumulative pollution scores and drinking water contaminants. Risk of preterm birth was twice as likely for those exposed to high versus low levels of pollution. An exposure-response relationship was observed across the quintiles of the pollution burden score. The associations were stronger among early preterm births in areas of low SES. Conclusions: In Fresno County, we found multiple pollution exposures associated with increased risk for preterm birth, with higher associations among the most disadvantaged. This supports other evidence finding environmental exposures are important risk factors for preterm birth, and furthermore the burden is higher in areas of low SES. This data supports efforts to reduce the environmental burden on pregnant women.
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页数:21
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