A hydrothermally deposited epitaxial lead titanate thin film on strontium ruthenium oxide bottom electrode

A lead titanate epitaxial thin film was obtained on a strontium ruthenium oxide bottom electrode by the hydrothermal method. The reaction temperature was 150degreesC more than 400 degrees lower than that of the conventional deposition processes. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed a c-axis of orientation. The single-crystal-like DE hysteresis curve showed a remanent polarization of 96.5 muC/cm(2). The domain direction was controlled by an applied electric field using a metal-coated atomic force microcopy cantilever probe and the domain pattern was observed by scanning nonlinear dielectric microscopy. This investigation verified that this film did not contain an a-domain. In addition, no defects such as domain or grain boundaries were observed, even on the nanoscale. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.