Kimberlites: From Deep Earth to Diamond Mines

被引：70

作者：

Giuliani, Andrea ^{[1
,2
]}

Pearson, D. Graham ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Geochem & Petrol, Dept Earth Sci, Clausiusstr 25, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

[2] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Kimberlites & Diamonds KiDs, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

[3] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, DERTS, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada

来源：

ELEMENTS | 2019年 / 15卷 / 06期

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会;

关键词：

kimberlite; diamond; craton; mantle;

D O I：

10.2138/gselements.15.6.377

中图分类号：

P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];

学科分类号：

0708 ; 070902 ;

摘要：

Kimberlites are rare, enigmatic, low-volume igneous rocks. They are highly enriched in magnesium, volatiles (CO2 and H2O) and incompatible trace elements and are thought to be the most deeply derived (>150 km) magmatic rocks on Earth. Kimberlites occur in ancient and thick continental lithosphere, forming intrusive sheets and composite pipes, commonly in clusters. Despite their rarity, kimberlites have attracted considerable attention because they entrain not only abundant mantle fragments but also diamonds, which can provide a uniquely rich picture of the deep Earth. This issue summarises current thinking on kimberlite petrology, geochemistry, and volcanology and outlines the outstanding questions on the genesis of kimberlites and associated diamond mines.

引用

页码：377 / 380

页数：4

共 28 条

[11] Decompression and unmixing of crystals included in diamonds from the mantle transition zone [J].

Harte, Ben ;

Cayzer, Nicola .

PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS, 2007, 34 (09) :647-656

[12] Dating Kimberlites: Methods and Emplacement Patterns Through Time [J].

Heaman, Larry M. ;

Phillips, David ;

Pearson, D. Graham .

ELEMENTS, 2019, 15 (06) :399-404

[13]

Henning A., 2003, 8 INT KIMBERLITE C, DOI DOI 10.29173/IKC3024

[14] Tectonic setting of kimberlites [J].

Jelsma, Hielke ;

Barnett, Wayne ;

Richards, Simon ;

Lister, Gordon .

LITHOS, 2009, 112 :155-165

[15] Geology of the Orion South kimberlite, Fort a la Corne, Canada [J].

Kjarsgaard, B. A. ;

Harvey, S. ;

McClintock, M. ;

Zonneveld, J. P. ;

Du Plessis, P. ;

McNeil, D. ;

Heaman, L. .

LITHOS, 2009, 112 :600-617

[16]

Kjarsgaard B.A., 2007, MINERAL DEPOSITS CAN, V5, P245

[17] Diamond Exploration and Resource Evaluation of Kimberlites [J].

Kjarsgaard, Bruce A. ;

Januszczak, Nicole ;

Stiefenhofer, Johann .

ELEMENTS, 2019, 15 (06) :411-416

[18]

Lewis H.C., 1887, GEOL MAG, V4, P22

[19]

Mitchell R.H., 1986, KIMBERLITES MINERALO

[20] What is a Kimberlite? Petrology and Mineralogy of Hypabyssal Kimberlites [J].

Mitchell, Roger H. ;

Giuliani, Andrea ;

O'Brien, Hugh .

ELEMENTS, 2019, 15 (06) :381-386

← 1 2 3 →