Femtosecond all-optical synchronization of an X-ray free-electron laser

被引：169

作者：

Schulz, S. ^{[1
]}

Grguras, I. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Behrens, C. ^{[1
,5
]}

Bromberger, H. ^{[2
]}

Costello, J. T. ^{[6
,7
]}

Czwalinna, M. K. ^{[1
]}

Felber, M. ^{[1
]}

Hoffmann, M. C. ^{[5
]}

Ilchen, M. ^{[8
]}

Liu, H. Y. ^{[2
]}

Mazza, T. ^{[8
]}

Meyer, M. ^{[8
]}

Pfeiffer, S. ^{[1
]}

Predki, P. ^{[9
]}

Schefer, S.

Schmidt, C. ^{[1
]}

Wegner, U. ^{[1
]}

Schlarb, H. ^{[1
]}

Cavalieri, A. L. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany

[2] Max Planck Inst Struct & Dynam Matter, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[3] Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci CFEL, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[4] Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[5] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[6] Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Dublin 9, Ireland

[7] Dublin City Univ, NCPST, Dublin 9, Ireland

[8] European XFEL GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

[9] Lodz Univ Technol, Dept Microelect & Comp Sci, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2015年 / 6卷

基金：

爱尔兰科学基金会;

关键词：

EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; INTENSE; COHERENT; JITTER; HARMONICS; OPERATION; ATOMS; FELS;

D O I：

10.1038/ncomms6938

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Many advanced applications of X-ray free-electron lasers require pulse durations and time resolutions of only a few femtoseconds. To generate these pulses and to apply them in time-resolved experiments, synchronization techniques that can simultaneously lock all independent components, including all accelerator modules and all external optical lasers, to better than the delivered free-electron laser pulse duration, are needed. Here we achieve all-optical synchronization at the soft X-ray free-electron laser FLASH and demonstrate facility-wide timing to better than 30 fs r.m.s. for 90 fs X-ray photon pulses. Crucially, our analysis indicates that the performance of this optical synchronization is limited primarily by the free-electron laser pulse duration, and should naturally scale to the sub-10 femtosecond level with shorter X-ray pulses.

引用

页数：11

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