A pilot study of recombinant interferon beta-1a for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C

Aims. Interferon alpha monotherapy induces a sustained response in less than 20% of patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. Interferon beta represents a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of recombinant interferon beta-1a administered subcutaneously. Methods. Twenty-one drug-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with recombinant interferon beta-1a administered, subcutaneously, for 24 weeks using two different regimens: 9 MU, three times per week (n=11) and 12 MU, three times per week (n=10). Results: At the end of the treatment period, nine (43%) patients had a biochemical and virological response (i.e. normal ALT and absence of hepatitis C virus RNA by PCR). Four of these patients were in the 9 MU group and five in the 12 MU group. A biochemical and virological sustained response occurred in four (19%) patients, all in the 9 MU dose group. The 4 patients with a sustained response maintained their response during a follow-up period of 33 to 58 months. Side effects were mild and 19 (90%) patients completed the treatment period. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study indicate that interferon beta-1a administered subcutaneously is an effective therapy for some patients with chronic hepatitis C, and suggest that interferon beta-1a deserves further evaluations in larger trials especially in combination with ribavirin.