Impact of newly adopted guidelines for management of children with isolated skull fracture

Purpose: In an effort to standardize practices and reduce unnecessary hospital resource utilization, we implemented guidelines for management of patients with isolated skull fractures (ISF). We sought to examine the impact of these guidelines. Methods: Patients with nondisplaced/depressed fracture of the skull vault without intracranial hemorrhage were prospectively enrolled from February 2010 to February 2014. Results: Eighty-eight patients (median age = 10 months) were enrolled. Fall was the most common mechanism of injury (87%). The overall admission rate was 57%, representing an 18% decrease from that reported prior to guideline implementation (2003-2008; p = 0.001). Guideline criteria for admission included vomiting, abnormal neurologic exam, concern for abuse, and others. Forty-two percent of patients were admitted outside of the guideline, primarily because of young age (20%). Patients transferred from another hospital (36%) were more likely to be admitted, though the majority (63%) did not meet admission criteria. No ED-discharged patient returned for neurologic symptoms, and none reported significant ongoing symptoms on follow-up phone call. Conclusions: Implementation of a new guideline for management of ISF resulted in a reduction of admissions without compromising patient safety. Young age remains a common concern for practitioners despite not being a criterion for admission. Interhospital transfer may be unnecessary in many cases. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.