An MILP formulation for centralized energy management strategy of microgrids

This paper presents a mathematical formulation for centralized energy management strategy (EMS) of microgrids in both grid connected and isolated modes. The microgrid energy management is formulated as an unit commitment problem with regard to the distribution network and the corresponding constraints leading to a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) formulation. In order to reduce the computational burden, the distribution power flow equations and nonlinear constraints are simplified by linearization methods converting the MINLP formulation to mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). Therefore, we obtain a computationally efficient problem which can be easily optimized to achieve the global solution. The proposed EMS is tested on a 14-bus microgrid consisting of solar and wind non-dispatchable sources, conventional dispatchable diesel generators, and a battery energy storage system. In addition, interruptible and deferable loads are considered in the microgrid. Numerical results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed centralized EMS.