Stability and change in fruit and vegetable intake of Brazilian adolescents over a 3-year period: 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort

Objective: To assess the stability and changes in fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption over a 3-year period during adolescence in a population-based birth cohort. Design: Longitudinal descriptive study. FV consumption was collected in 2008 and 2011/12 using an FFQ. We conducted descriptive analyses of medians to assess the trends in FV intake over time. Stability of FV intake was assessed by percentage of agreement and kappa coefficients. Setting: Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Subjects: Adolescents from 15 to 18 years of age (n 3915). Results: We observed an overall slight decrease in FV consumption during adolescence and also a moderate stability, especially in those with higher socioeconomic status (proportion of agreement 38.6 % and 40.5 % for boys and girls, respectively). About a half of those consuming low levels of FV at 15 years of age still consumed low levels 3 years later. Conclusions: Our results showed that FV consumption presented a moderate stability across a 3-year period during adolescence, especially in those with higher socioeconomic status. Given the great proportions of non-communicable diseases such as CVD, diabetes and obesity, knowledge about the patterns of FV consumption during adolescence has implications for health promotion interventions.