Thermalization and prethermalization in isolated quantum systems: a theoretical overview

被引：379

作者：

Mori, Takashi ^{[1
]}

Ikeda, Tatsuhiko N. ^{[2
]}

Kaminishi, Eriko ^{[1
]}

Ueda, Masahito ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan

[2] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan

[3] RIKEN, CEMS, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan

来源：

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS | 2018年 / 51卷 / 11期

基金：

日本学术振兴会;

关键词：

thermalization; prethermalization; isolated quantum systems; MANY-BODY LOCALIZATION; LATTICE-GAS MODEL; PERIODICALLY DRIVEN; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; LARGE DEVIATIONS; KINETIC-THEORY; SOLUBLE MODEL; H-THEOREM; EQUILIBRIUM; DYNAMICS;

D O I：

10.1088/1361-6455/aabcdf

中图分类号：

O43 [光学];

学科分类号：

070207 ; 0803 ;

摘要：

The approach to thermal equilibrium, or thermalization, in isolated quantum systems is among the most fundamental problems in statistical physics. Recent theoretical studies have revealed that thermalization in isolated quantum systems has several remarkable features, which emerge from quantum entanglement and are quite distinct from those in classical systems. Experimentally, well isolated and highly controllable ultracold quantum gases offer an ideal testbed to study the nonequilibrium dynamics in isolated quantum systems, promoting intensive recent theoretical endeavors on this fundamental subject. Besides thermalization, many isolated quantum systems show intriguing behavior in relaxation processes, especially prethermalization. Prethermalization occurs when there is a clear separation of relevant time scales and has several different physical origins depending on individual systems. In this review, we overview theoretical approaches to the problems of thermalization and prethermalization.

引用

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