Review: Enhancing efficiency of solar thermal engineering systems by thermophysical properties of a promising nanofluids

Unique properties of nanofluids as an absorber fluid, due to the smaller size of nanoparticles, which cover a larger surface area, make a bulkive evolution in heat transfer. Thermophysical properties of nanofluids are increased due to the potential of the nanoparticles surface area increased which is suspended in the conventional fluid. The initial parameter of thermophysical properties which is thermal conductivity (k) enhanced by some parameters like Brownian motion, interface resistance, morphology of suspended nanoparticles and aggregating in nanofluids are reviewed. In the present review paper, we have also mentioned the synthesis of nanofluids by various techniques; methods of stabilization, stability measurement techniques, and thermal conductivity and heat transfer properties, theoretical models of thermal conductivity and their applications are summarized.