Experimental investigations of tool wear mechanisms in machining 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel

The purpose of this investigation is to recognize the wear mechanisms of cemented carbide tools in dry hard turning of stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti). From the view point of machining, stainless steels are often considered as poor machinability materials. Turning tests were carried out by using a CA6140 lathe and a cutting force measuring device. For this purpose, both microscopic and microstructural aspects of the tools were taken into consideration. Meanwhile, the cutting forces are also measured in the experiment. The chips were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The machinability of 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steels is examined in terms of tool life and cutting parameter presented in this paper. Results show that cutting forces vary greatly with the experimental cutting parameters. Analysis indicated that tool wear mechanisms observed in the machining tests involve abrasion wear, thermal and fatigue shock wear and adhesive wear.