The Role of Neoantigens in Naturally Occurring and Therapeutically Induced Immune Responses to Cancer

被引：180

作者：

Ward, Jeffrey P. ^{[1
]}

Gubin, Matthew M. ^{[1
]}

Schreiber, Robert D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA

来源：

TUMOR IMMUNOLOGY | 2016年 / 130卷

关键词：

MHC CLASS-I; CYTOLYTIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; EXOME ANALYSIS REVEALS; METASTATIC MELANOMA; CTLA-4; BLOCKADE; RESTRICTED PHOSPHOPEPTIDES; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; SOMATIC MUTATIONS;

D O I：

10.1016/bs.ai.2016.01.001

中图分类号：

R73 [肿瘤学];

学科分类号：

100214 ;

摘要：

Definitive experimental evidence from mouse cancer models and strong correlative clinical data gave rise to the Cancer Immunoediting concept that explains the dual host-protective and tumor-promoting actions of immunity on developing cancers. Tumor-specific neoantigens can serve as targets of spontaneously arising adaptive immunity to cancer and thereby determine the ultimate fate of developing tumors. Tumor-specific neoantigens can also function as optimal targets of cancer immunotherapy against established tumors. These antigens are derived from nonsynonymous mutations that occur during cellular transformation and, because they are foreign to the host genome, are not subject to central tolerance. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence indicating that cancer neoantigens are the source of both spontaneously occurring and therapeutically induced immune responses against cancer. We also review the advances in genomics, bioinformatics, and cancer immunotherapy that have facilitated identification of neoantigens and have moved personalized cancer immunotherapies into clinical trials, with the promise of providing more specific, safer, more effective, and perhaps even more generalizable treatments to cancer patients than current immunotherapies.

引用

页码：25 / 74

页数：50

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