Carbon stocks, sequestration, and emissions of wetlands in south eastern Australia

被引:77
作者
Carnell, Paul E. [1 ]
Windecker, Saras M. [1 ,2 ]
Brenker, Madeline [1 ]
Baldock, Jeff [3 ]
Masque, Pere [4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,8 ]
Brunt, Kate [9 ]
Macreadie, Peter I. [1 ]
机构
[1] Deakin Univ, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Burwood Campus, Burwood, Australia
[2] Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Sch BioSci, Parkville, Vic, Australia
[3] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Agr & Food, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
[4] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Sci, Joondalup, Australia
[5] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Bellaterra, Spain
[6] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Ciencia & Tecnol Ambientals, Bellaterra, Spain
[7] Univ Western Australia, Oceans Inst, Crawley, Australia
[8] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Crawley, Australia
[9] Goulburn Broken Catchment Management Author, Benalla, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
blue carbon; carbon profile; climate change; greenhouse gas emissions; soil carbon; wetland communities; MURRAY-DARLING BASIN; SOIL CARBON; BLUE CARBON; RESTORED WETLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STORAGE; ACCUMULATION; ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTS; FLUXES;
D O I
10.1111/gcb.14319
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Nontidal wetlands are estimated to contribute significantly to the soil carbon pool across the globe. However, our understanding of the occurrence and variability of carbon storage between wetland types and across regions represents a major impediment to the ability of nations to include wetlands in greenhouse gas inventories and carbon offset initiatives. We performed a large-scale survey of nontidal wetland soil carbon stocks and accretion rates from the state of Victoria in south-eastern Australiaa region spanning 237,000km(2) and containing >35,000 temperate, alpine, and semi-arid wetlands. From an analysis of >1,600 samples across 103 wetlands, we found that alpine wetlands had the highest carbon stocks (290 +/- 180 Mg C-org ha(-1)), while permanent open freshwater wetlands and saline wetlands had the lowest carbon stocks (110 +/- 120 and 60 +/- 50 Mg C-org ha(-1), respectively). Permanent open freshwater sites sequestered on average three times more carbon per year over the last century than shallow freshwater marshes (2.50 +/- 0.44 and 0.79 +/- 0.45 Mg C-org ha(-1)year(-1), respectively). Using this data, we estimate that wetlands in Victoria have a soil carbon stock in the upper 1m of 68 million tons of C-org, with an annual soil carbon sequestration rate of 3 million tons of CO2 eq. year(-1)equivalent to the annual emissions of about 3% of the state's population. Since European settlement (similar to 1834), drainage and loss of 260,530ha of wetlands may have released between 20 and 75 million tons CO2 equivalents (based on 27%-90% of soil carbon converted to CO2). Overall, we show that despite substantial spatial variability within wetland types, some wetland types differ in their carbon stocks and sequestration rates. The duration of water inundation, plant community composition, and allochthonous carbon inputs likely play an important role in influencing variation in carbon storage.
引用
收藏
页码:4173 / 4184
页数:12
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