Overcoming Mismatch Concerns for Adult Recipients of Small Pediatric Deceased Donor Kidneys

Background. Kidneys from very young pediatric donors continue to be underutilized. To reduce discard, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) policy was recently updated to allow kidneys from donors weighing <18 kg to be recovered en bloc. Methods. We reviewed our center's experience with kidney transplantation in adult recipients of <18 kg pediatric donor kidneys to assess renal function outcomes specific to solitary vs en bloc usage. Results. The majority of <18 kg donors were used en bloc (n = 39, 72.2% vs n = 15, 27.8%). Donor weight (kg) was similar between the 2 groups (12.3 +/- 3.2 vs 14.1 +/- 2.5, P =.05). Recipient weight was lower in the solitary kidney group (P =.01). Both groups had a similar donor-to-recipient body weight ratio (0.24 +/- 0.3 vs 0.18 +/- 0.3, P =.51). The solitary kidney group had a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 (56.9 +/- 24.3 vs 81.8 +/- 24.8, P =.01) and 2 years (72 +/- 18.6 vs 93.7 +/- 21.6, P =.03). By 2 years, both groups had an average estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min. Kidney allograft growth occurred in both groups, with the largest increase occurring the first month posttransplant (11.9%, 18.6%, P <.0001). Conclusion. For pediatric donors weighing <18 kg, improvements in renal function continue beyond the first posttransplant year. Risk for hyperfiltration injury appears low and renal mass-recipient mass matching is useful in guiding decision-making for solitary vs en bloc utilization.