A Selective Targeting Anchor Strategy Affords Efficient and Stable Ideal-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Mixed lead-tin perovskite solar cells (LTPSCs) with an ideal bandgap are demonstrated as a promising candidate to reach higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than their Pb-counterparts. Herein, a Br-free mixed lead-tin perovskite material, FA(0.8)MA(0.2)Pb(0.8)Sn(0.2)I(3), with a bandgap of 1.33 eV, as a perovskite absorber, is selected. Through density functional theory calculations and optoelectronic techniques, it is demonstrated that both Pb- and Sn-related A-site vacancies are pushed into deeper energetic depth, causing severe nonradiative recombination. Hence, a selective targeting anchor strategy that employs phenethylammonium iodide and ethylenediamine diiodide as co-modifiers to selectively anchor with Pb- and Sn-related active sites and passivate bimetallic traps, respectively, is established. Furthermore, the selectivity of the molecular oriented anchor passivation is demonstrated through energetic depth specificity of Pb- and Sn-related traps. As a result, a substantially enhanced open-circuit voltage (V-OC) from 0.79 to 0.90 V for the LTPSCs is achieved, yielding a champion PCE of 22.51%, which is the highest PCE among the reported ideal-bandgap PSCs. The V-OC loss is reduced to 0.43 V.