The Shape of μ-How Morphological Analyses Shape the Study of Microglia

被引:6
作者
Bosch, Lance Fredrick Pahutan [1 ,2 ]
Kierdorf, Katrin [1 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Freiburg, Inst Neuropathol, Fac Med, Freiburg, Germany
[2] Univ Freiburg, Fac Biol, Freiburg, Germany
[3] Univ Freiburg, Fac Med, Ctr Basics NeuroModulat NeuroModulBas, Freiburg, Germany
[4] Univ Freiburg, CIBSS Ctr Integrat Biol Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany
关键词
microglia; microglia morphology; 3D reconstruction; in vivo imaging; electron microscopy; automated image analysis; CRANIAL WINDOW TECHNIQUE; LONG-TERM; MOUSE MODEL; FRACTALKINE RECEPTOR; OPTICAL ACCESS; RAT-BRAIN; CORTEX; HETEROGENEITY; APPEARANCE; PLASTICITY;
D O I
10.3389/fncel.2022.942462
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Microglia, the innate immune cells of the CNS parenchyma, serve as the first line of defense in a myriad of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuroinflammatory conditions. In response to the peripheral inflammation, circulating mediators, and other external signals that are produced by these conditions, microglia dynamically employ different transcriptional programs as well as morphological adaptations to maintain homeostasis. To understand these cells' function, the field has established a number of essential analysis approaches, such as gene expression, cell quantification, and morphological reconstruction. Although high-throughput approaches are becoming commonplace in regard to other types of analyses (e.g., single-cell scRNA-seq), a similar standard for morphological reconstruction has yet to be established. In this review, we offer an overview of microglial morphological analysis methods, exploring the advantages and disadvantages of each, highlighting a number of key studies, and emphasizing how morphological analysis has significantly contributed to our understanding of microglial function in the CNS parenchyma. In doing so, we advocate for the use of unbiased, automated morphological reconstruction approaches in future studies, in order to capitalize on the valuable information embedded in the cellular structures microglia inhabit.
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页数:8
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