Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging

被引：508

作者：

Carhart-Harris, Robin L. ^{[1
]}

Muthukumaraswamy, Suresh ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Roseman, Leor ^{[1
,5
]}

Kaelen, Mendel ^{[1
]}

Droog, Wouter ^{[2
]}

Murphy, Kevin ^{[2
]}

Tagliazucchi, Enzo ^{[6
,7
,8
]}

Schenberg, Eduardo E. ^{[1
,9
,10
]}

Nest, Timothy ^{[11
]}

Orban, Csaba ^{[1
,5
]}

Leech, Robert ^{[5
]}

Williams, Luke T. ^{[1
]}

Williams, Tim M. ^{[12
]}

Bolstridge, Mark ^{[1
]}

Sessa, Ben ^{[1
,13
]}

McGonigle, John ^{[1
]}

Sereno, Martin I. ^{[14
]}

Nichols, David ^{[15
]}

Hellyer, Peter J. ^{[5
]}

Hobden, Peter ^{[2
]}

Evans, John ^{[2
]}

Singh, Krish D. ^{[2
]}

Wise, Richard G. ^{[2
]}

Curran, H. Valerie ^{[16
]}

Feilding, Amanda ^{[17
]}

Nutt, David J. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Med, Ctr Neuropsychopharmacol, London W12 0NN, England

[2] Cardiff Univ, Brain Res Imaging Ctr, Dept Psychol, Cardiff CF10 3AT, S Glam, Wales

[3] Univ Auckland, Sch Pharm, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

[4] Univ Auckland, Sch Psychol, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

[5] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Med, Computat Cognit & Clin Neurosci Lab, London W12 0NN, England

[6] Univ Kiel, Inst Med Psychol, Olshaussenstr 40, D-24118 Kiel, Germany

[7] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Brain Imaging Ctr, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany

[8] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Neurol, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany

[9] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, BR-04038020 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[10] Inst Plantando Consciencia, BR-05587080 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[11] McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada

[12] Univ Bristol, Dept Psychiat, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England

[13] Cardiff Univ, Dept Neurosci, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, S Glam, Wales

[14] Birkbeck UCL Ctr Neuroimaging, London WC1H 0AP, England

[15] Univ N Carolina, Eschelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA

[16] UCL, Clin Psychopharmacol Unit, Mortimer St, London WC1E 6BT, England

[17] Beckley Fdn, Beckley Pk, Oxford OX3 9SY, England

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2016年 / 113卷 / 17期

基金：

英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

LSD; serotonin; consciousness; brain; psychedelic; STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS; 1ST-DEGREE RELATIVES; ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS; PSYCHEDELIC STATE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; BRAIN-FUNCTION; ALPHA-ACTIVITY; LYSERGIC-ACID;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.1518377113

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is the prototypical psychedelic drug, but its effects on the human brain have never been studied before with modern neuroimaging. Here, three complementary neuroimaging techniques: arterial spin labeling (ASL), blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) measures, and magnetoencephalography (MEG), implemented during resting state conditions, revealed marked changes in brain activity after LSD that correlated strongly with its characteristic psychological effects. Increased visual cortex cerebral blood flow (CBF), decreased visual cortex alpha power, and a greatly expanded primary visual cortex (V1) functional connectivity profile correlated strongly with ratings of visual hallucinations, implying that intrinsic brain activity exerts greater influence on visual processing in the psychedelic state, thereby defining its hallucinatory quality. LSD's marked effects on the visual cortex did not significantly correlate with the drug's other characteristic effects on consciousness, however. Rather, decreased connectivity between the parahippocampus and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) correlated strongly with ratings of "ego-dissolution" and "altered meaning," implying the importance of this particular circuit for the maintenance of "self" or "ego" and its processing of "meaning." Strong relationships were also found between the different imaging metrics, enabling firmer inferences to be made about their functional significance. This uniquely comprehensive examination of the LSD state represents an important advance in scientific research with psychedelic drugs at a time of growing interest in their scientific and therapeutic value. The present results contribute important new insights into the characteristic hallucinatory and consciousness-altering properties of psychedelics that inform on how they can model certain pathological states and potentially treat others.

引用

页码：4853 / 4858

页数：6

共 46 条

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