Wearable biosensor for sensitive detection of uric acid in artificial sweat enabled by a fiber structured sensing interface

Wearable biosensors to analyze sweat compositions with high sensitivity are greatly desired for non-invasive and real-time physiological monitoring of individual's dynamic health status. However, it still remains a challenge to construct the electrically conductive and mechanically flexible sensing interface to serve as the working electrode in the electrochemical sensor. Here, we report a flexible sweat biosensor for uric acid detection based on a fiber structured sensing interface. The electrospun carbon nanofibers with rich active sites, oriented graphitized layer, and intrinsic shape-adaptivity provide abundant access to uric acid molecules and enable efficient electron transmission. Benefiting from these compelling features, the fabricated wearable biosensor can precisely and selectively determine the concentration of uric acid in artificial sweat. This work offers a promising approach for the fabrication of wearable biosensors and promotes the widespread applications of personalized diagnostic devices.