Energy balance pathways converging on the Nhlh2 transcription factor

被引:16
作者
Fox, Dana L.
Vella, Kristen R.
Good, Deborah J.
机构
[1] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Corporate Res Ctr, Dept human Nutr Foods & Excercise, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
[2] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Ctr Neuroendocrine Studies, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
[3] Univ Massachusetts, Cellular Biol Grad Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
关键词
PC1; PC2; POMC; Nhlh2; TRH; leptin; hypothalamus; transcription; post-transcriptional processing; review;
D O I
10.2741/2365
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Multiple regulatory pathways exist to control the expression levels of neuropeptides in response to body weight and energy availability changes. Since many neuropeptides are first synthesized in a pro-neuropeptide form, the availability of processing enzymes in a neuron can control the amount of active mature neuropeptide produced at any given time. In this review, we will focus on the regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) and prohormone convertase 2 (PC2), as well as downstream neuropeptide genes. Evidence from our laboratory suggests that (N) under bar escient (h) under bar elix- (l) under bar oop- helix (2) under bar ( Nh1h2) regulates the transcription of PC1 and PC2, possibly in conjunction with the leptin-stimulated transcription factor, STAT3. Furthermore, Nh1h2 itself is a target of leptin and other energy availability signals, with high levels of expression during energy surplus, and low levels of expression in conditions of reduced energy availability such as food deprivation or cold exposure. Overall, coordinate regulation of Nh1h2, PC1, PC2 and downstream hypothalamic neuropeptides such as thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) does lead to energy balance modulation and ensuing long-term changes in body weight.
引用
收藏
页码:3983 / 3993
页数:11
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