Conversion of β-carotene to retinal pigment

被引:45
作者
Biesalski, Hans K. [1 ]
Chichili, Gurunadh R.
Frank, Juergen
Von Lintig, Johannes
Nohr, Donatus
机构
[1] Univ Hohenheim, Dept Biol Chem & Nutr, D-7000 Stuttgart, Germany
[2] Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol 1, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany
[3] Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Mol Immunogenet Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
来源
VITAMIN A | 2007年 / 75卷
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0083-6729(06)75005-1
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Vitamin A and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA)(1) play a major role in development, differentiation, and support of various tissues and organs of numerous species. To assure the supply of target tissues with vitamin A, long-lasting stores are built in the liver from which retinol can be transported by a specific protein to the peripheral tissues to be metabolized to either RA or reesterified to form intracellular stores. Vitamin A cannot be synthesized de novo by animals and thus has to be taken up from animal food sources or as provitamin A carotenoids, the latter being converted by central cleavage of the molecule to retinal in the intestine. The recent demonstration that the responsible beta-carotene cleaving enzyme beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (Bcmo1) is also present in other tissues led to numerous investigations on the molecular structure and function of this enzyme in several species, including the fruit fly, chicken, mouse, and also human. Also a second enzyme, beta,beta-carotene-9',10'-monooxygenase (Bcmo2), which cleaves beta-carotene eccentrically to apo-carotenals has been described. Retinal pigment epithelial cells were shown to contain Bcmo1 and to be able to cleave beta-carotene into retinal in vitro, offering a new pathway for vitamin A production in another tissue than the intestine, possibly explaining the more mild vitamin A deficiency symptoms of two human siblings lacking the retinol-binding protein for the transport of hepatic vitamin A to the target tissues. In addition, alternative ways to combat vitamin A deficiency of specific targets by the supplementation with beta-carotene or even molecular therapies seem to be the future. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:117 / +
页数:15
相关论文
共 40 条
  • [1] Expression of β-carotene 15,15′ monooxygenase in retina and RPE-choroid
    Bhatti, RA
    Yu, S
    Boulanger, A
    Fariss, RN
    Guo, Y
    Bernstein, SL
    Gentleman, S
    Redmond, TM
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2003, 44 (01) : 44 - 49
  • [2] Biesalski HK, 1999, AM J CLIN NUTR, V69, P931
  • [3] Biesalski HK, 2005, POCKET ATLAS NUTR
  • [4] Blaner W. S., 1994, Retinoids: from basic science to clinical applications., P53
  • [5] Identification of beta-carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor target gene
    Boulanger, A
    McLemore, P
    Copeland, NG
    Gilbert, DJ
    Jenkins, NA
    Yu, SS
    Gentleman, S
    Redmond, TM
    [J]. FASEB JOURNAL, 2003, 17 (08) : 1304 - +
  • [6] A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL TO TEST EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN RETINYL PALMITATE AND BETA-CAROTENE FOR VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY
    CARLIER, C
    COSTE, J
    ETCHEPARE, M
    PERIQUET, B
    AMEDEEMANESME, O
    [J]. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 1993, 307 (6912) : 1106 - 1110
  • [7] β-Carotene conversion into vitamin A in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
    Chichili, GR
    Nohr, D
    Schäffer, M
    von Lintig, J
    Biesalski, HK
    [J]. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, 2005, 46 (10) : 3562 - 3569
  • [8] Protective effects of tomato extract with elevated β-carotene levels on oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells
    Chichili, Gurunadh R.
    Nohr, Donatus
    Frank, Juergen
    Flaccus, Andrea
    Fraser, Paul D.
    Enfissi, Eugenia M. A.
    Biesalski, Hans K.
    [J]. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 2006, 96 (04) : 643 - 649
  • [9] Vitamin A or β-carotene supplementation reduces but does not eliminate maternal night blindness in Nepal
    Christian, P
    West, KP
    Khatry, SK
    Katz, J
    LeClerq, S
    Pradhan, EK
    Shrestha, SR
    [J]. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 1998, 128 (09) : 1458 - 1463
  • [10] THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF VITAMIN-A ACID
    DOWLING, JE
    WALD, G
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1960, 46 (05) : 587 - 608