DISCOVERY OF VARIABILITY IN THE VERY HIGH ENERGY γ-RAY EMISSION OF 1ES 1218+304 WITH VERITAS

被引：55

作者：

Acciari, V. A. ^{[1
]}

Aliu, E. ^{[2
]}

Beilicke, M. ^{[3
]}

Benbow, W. ^{[1
]}

Boltuch, D. ^{[4
,5
]}

Boettcher, M. ^{[6
]}

Bradbury, S. M. ^{[7
]}

Bugaev, V. ^{[3
]}

Byrum, K. ^{[8
]}

Cesarini, A. ^{[9
]}

Ciupik, L. ^{[10
]}

Cogan, P. ^{[11
]}

Cui, W. ^{[12
]}

Dickherber, R. ^{[3
]}

Duke, C. ^{[13
]}

Falcone, A. ^{[14
]}

Finley, J. P. ^{[12
]}

Finnegan, G. ^{[15
]}

Fortson, L. ^{[10
]}

Furniss, A. ^{[16
,17
]}

Galante, N. ^{[1
]}

Gall, D. ^{[12
]}

Gibbs, K. ^{[1
]}

Guenette, R. ^{[11
]}

Gillanders, G. H. ^{[9
]}

Godambe, S. ^{[15
]}

Grube, J. ^{[18
]}

Hanna, D. ^{[11
]}

Hui, C. M. ^{[15
]}

Humensky, T. B. ^{[19
]}

Imran, A. ^{[20
]}

Kaaret, P. ^{[21
]}

Karlsson, N. ^{[10
]}

Kertzman, M. ^{[22
]}

Kieda, D. ^{[15
]}

Krawczynski, H. ^{[3
]}

Krennrich, F. ^{[20
]}

Lang, M. J. ^{[9
]}

LeBohec, S. ^{[15
]}

Maier, G. ^{[11
]}

McArthur, S. ^{[3
]}

McCann, A. ^{[11
]}

Moriarty, P. ^{[23
]}

Nagai, T. ^{[20
]}

Ong, R. A. ^{[24
]}

Otte, A. N. ^{[16
,17
]}

Pandel, D. ^{[18
]}

Perkins, J. S. ^{[1
]}

Pichel, A. ^{[25
]}

Pohl, M. ^{[20
]}

机构：

[1] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA

[2] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA

[3] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[4] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[5] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[6] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA

[7] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[8] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

[9] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland

[10] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[11] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[12] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[13] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA

[14] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[15] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[16] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[17] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[18] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland

[19] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[20] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA

[21] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA

[22] Depaul Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA

[23] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland

[24] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[25] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[26] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[27] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | 2010年 / 709卷 / 02期

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 爱尔兰科学基金会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 1218+304=VER J1221+301); galaxies: active; gamma rays: galaxies; PEAKED BL-LACERTAE; SPECTRA; ACCELERATION; BLAZARS; CONSTRAINTS; RADIATION; MODEL;

D O I：

10.1088/2041-8205/709/2/L163

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present results from an intensive VERITAS monitoring campaign of the high-frequency peaked BL Lac object 1ES 1218+304 in 2008/2009. Although 1ES 1218+304 was detected previously by MAGIC and VERITAS at a persistent level of similar to 6% of the Crab Nebula flux, the new VERITAS data reveal a prominent flare reaching similar to 20% of the Crab. While very high energy (VHE) flares are quite common in many nearby blazars, the case of 1ES 1218+304 (redshift z = 0.182) is particularly interesting since it belongs to a group of blazars that exhibit unusually hard VHE spectra considering their redshifts. When correcting the measured spectra for absorption by the extragalactic background light, 1ES 1218+304 and a number of other blazars are found to have differential photon indices Gamma <= 1.5. The difficulty in modeling these hard spectral energy distributions in blazar jets has led to a range of theoretical gamma-ray emission scenarios, one of which is strongly constrained by these new VERITAS observations. We consider the implications of the observed light curve of 1ES 1218+304, which shows day scale flux variations, for shock acceleration scenarios in relativistic jets, and in particular for the viability of kiloparsec-scale jet emission scenarios.

引用

页码：L163 / L167

页数：5

共 36 条

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