Effect of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine on memory and conscious awareness in healthy volunteers

被引:109
作者
Hetem, LAB
Danion, JM
Diemunsch, P
Brandt, C
机构
[1] Hop Univ Strasbourg, INSERM U405, Clin Psychiat, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Neurol Psiquiatria & Psicol Med, BR-14048900 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
[3] Hop Univ Strasbourg, Dept Anesthesiol, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
[4] Hop Univ Strasbourg, Unite Rech Clin, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
关键词
ketamine; NMDA receptor antagonist; episodic memory; normal volunteers;
D O I
10.1007/s002130000511
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Rationale: Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist with psychotogenic and cognitive effects in healthy volunteers and schizophrenic patients which has been proposed to be a useful tool to investigate neurobiological basis of schizophrenia. Objective.The present study characterized the effects of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine on memory and related subjective states of awareness in healthy volunteers. Methods: Twenty-six subjects were given either a 60-min ketamine (0.5 mg/kg per hour) or a placebo infusion. To obtain constant plasma ketamine throughout the experiment, ketamine was administered using a computer-controlled infusion system. Subjects carried out episodic memory tasks involving words presented before and during infusion. Memory performance was assessed with recognition and free recall tasks. Subjective states of awareness were assessed using an experiential approach. Levels of psychopathology were evaluated with BPRS. Results: Ketamine impaired performance in free recall and recognition of words presented during, but not before, infusion. There were no differences between groups concerning states of awareness associated with recognition memory. Subjects under ketamine had higher BPRS total scores as well as BPRS negative and positive cluster scores than con trol subjects. Conclusions: Ketamine decreases episodic memory performance by impairing encoding, but not retrieval processes. It does not selectively impair subjective states of awareness associated with recognition memory as it has been seen in patients with schizophrenia. Ketamine might mimic the memory impairment associated with acute, but not chronic, forms of schizophrenia.
引用
收藏
页码:283 / 288
页数:6
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