The influence of prostatic calculi on lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction: a narrative review

被引:2
作者
Wang, Hao [1 ,2 ]
Ma, Ming [1 ,2 ]
Qin, Feng [1 ]
Yuan, Jiuhong [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Androl Lab, Chengdu, Peoples R China
[2] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Dept Urol, Chengdu, Peoples R China
关键词
Prostatic calculi (PC); lower urinary tract symptoms; sexual dysfunction; PELVIC PAIN SYNDROME; 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONSULTATION; PERIURETHRAL CALCIFICATION; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; HYPERPLASIA PATIENTS; CONSENSUS STATEMENT; RISK-FACTORS; FLOW-RATE; MEN; PREVALENCE;
D O I
10.21037/tau-20-1046
中图分类号
R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
摘要
Prostatic calculi (PC) are commonly found in patients who present for urologic consultation. However, the effect of PC on urinary symptoms remains controversial. In this study, we searched the Embase and PubMed databases for literature related to the following keywords: "prostatic calculi", "prostatic stone", "prostatic lithiasis" and "prostatic calcification", along with the limits, "lower urinary tract symptoms", "sexual dysfunction", "erectile dysfunction", "erectile function", and "premature ejaculation". According to the literature, there are various subtypes of PC based on X-ray or ultrasound findings, including type I/II, type A/B, and endogenous PC/extrinsic PC. Furthermore, the formation of PC remains unclear, and more importantly, the ability of PC to cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual dysfunction (SD) is worth exploring. We retrospectively reviewed all available literature and found that most studies agreed that PC are associated with LUTS. The factors which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of LUTS include the size and location of PC, induced inflammation, and the blood flow of the prostate. Similarly, SD was also examined in the patients with PC, and psychological factors cannot be ignored in this regard. However, more in-depth study of the molecular mechanisms, including prospective, controlled, longitudinal, and large- sample studies, are needed in the future.
引用
收藏
页码:929 / 938
页数:10
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