Serum high mobility group box protein 1 as a clinical marker for ovarian cancer

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of serum high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) in ovarian cancer and analyze the correlation between HMGB1 and ovarian cancer clinicopathologic outcome's. A total of 105 patients with diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer, 46 patients with ovarian benign disease and 33 healthy volunteers were enrolled from January 2011 through January 2013. Serum HMGB1 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean value of serum HMGB1 levels in ovarian cancer patients (78.18 +/- 54.87ng/ml) was significantly higher than those in benign patients (33.98 +/- 9.97ng/ml) and healthy control (26.71 +/- 7.99ng/ml, p < 0.0001), respectively. The serum HMGBI levels were 40.33 +/- 6.50ng/ml, 61.16 +/- 20.15ng/ml, 81.81 +/- 51.15ng/ml and 119.48 +/- 84.28ng/ml in patients with TNM stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively (p < 0.0001). There were 81 of the 105 ovarian cancer patients obtained complete remission, the serum HMGB1 levels before treatment(71.99 +/- 42.49ng/ml) were much higher than that at remission stage(42.10 +/- 15.48ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). During our investigating period, 28 ovarian cancer patients underwent recurrence, the serum HMGB1 levels were 75.54 +/- 39.50ng/ml in these recurrent ovarian cancer patients compared to 42.04 +/- 10.68ng/ml in non-recurrent ovarian cancer (p < 0.0001). None of the remission or recurrent patients came from benign ovarian tumor group. Our study suggests that HMGB1 may be a useful clinical marker for evaluating progression and predicting prognosis of ovarian carcinoma. Targeting HMGB1 production or release might have potential approaches for ovarian carcinoma treatment.