Has land use pushed terrestrial biodiversity beyond the planetary boundary? A global assessment

被引:742
作者
Newbold, Tim [1 ,2 ]
Hudson, Lawrence N. [3 ]
Arnell, Andrew P. [1 ]
Contu, Sara [3 ]
De Palma, Adriana [3 ,4 ]
Ferrier, Simon [5 ]
Hill, Samantha L. L. [1 ,3 ]
Hoskins, Andrew J. [5 ]
Lysenko, Igor [4 ]
Phillips, Helen R. P. [3 ,4 ]
Burton, Victoria J. [3 ]
Chng, Charlotte W. T. [3 ]
Emerson, Susan [3 ]
Gao, Di [3 ]
Pask-Hale, Gwilym [3 ]
Hutton, Jon [1 ,6 ]
Jung, Martin [7 ,8 ]
Sanchez-Ortiz, Katia [3 ]
Simmons, Benno I. [3 ,4 ]
Whitmee, Sarah [2 ]
Zhang, Hanbin [3 ]
Scharlemann, Jorn P. W. [1 ,8 ]
Purvis, Andy [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] World Conservat Monitoring Ctr, United Nations Environm Programme, 219 Huntingdon Rd, Cambridge CB3 0DL, England
[2] UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England
[3] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England
[4] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Silwood Pk, London SL5 7PY, England
[5] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
[6] World Wildlife Fund WWF Int, Luc Hoffmann Inst, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland
[7] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
[8] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England
基金
英国自然环境研究理事会; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;
关键词
BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS; FRUIT-FEEDING BUTTERFLIES; ANTHROPOGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; LOWLAND DIPTEROCARP FOREST; CARABID BEETLE ASSEMBLAGES; BOMBUS SPP. HYMENOPTERA; SARISKA-TIGER RESERVE; VOLANT SMALL MAMMALS; RAIN-FOREST;
D O I
10.1126/science.aaf2201
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Land use and related pressures have reduced local terrestrial biodiversity, but it is unclear how the magnitude of change relates to the recently proposed planetary boundary ("safe limit"). We estimate that land use and related pressures have already reduced local biodiversity intactness-the average proportion of natural biodiversity remaining in local ecosystems-beyond its recently proposed planetary boundary across 58.1% of the world's land surface, where 71.4% of the human population live. Biodiversity intactness within most biomes (especially grassland biomes), most biodiversity hotspots, and even some wilderness areas is inferred to be beyond the boundary. Such widespread transgression of safe limits suggests that biodiversity loss, if unchecked, will undermine efforts toward long-term sustainable development.
引用
收藏
页码:288 / 291
页数:4
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