Investigation on responses and wave climbing of a ship in large waves using a fully nonlinear boundary element method

In this study, a fully nonlinear method, in the time domain, is used to simulate ship motion caused by large waves, and the problem of wave climbing along the freeboard in large waves is studied. The method is based on a three-dimensional potential flow theory. Further, the nonlinear free surface condition is adopted, the incident potential and disturbance potential are separated from each other, and the problem of determining the disturbance potential is established. In order to consider the nonlinearity of the body surface, the wetted surface area of the hull is continuously updated with time and extended along the tangential direction of the uppermost grid when the free liquid level exceeds the height of the hull deck. In addition, an artificial damping layer is provided to eliminate the reflection of waves at the outflow boundary. Under the fully nonlinear boundary conditions, the perturbation potential is solved by the Rankine source boundary element method. Introducing auxiliary functions solves the coupling problem between motion and load in the process of solving rigid body motion equations. After the solution is completed, it is updated to the next time step using the Runge-Kutta 4th order method. In this study, the convergence of the computational grid of the numerical model is firstly verified. Then, the motion and load responses of a zero-speed ship in the regular wave of unit wave amplitude using this method are examined and compared with the linear method. The latter verifies the accuracy of this method in the linear field. Afterwards, in order to investigate the superiority of the fully nonlinear method when the nonlinear phenomenon is strong, the motion and load of the ship in the large amplitute wave are simulated and the influence of the nonlinear phenomenon is analyzed. Finally, the phenomenon of wave climbing generated in high waves is analyzed, and the relationship between wave and water heights is evaluated.