Quantum dynamics of topological strings in a frustrated Ising antiferromagnet

We investigate the quantum dynamics of the antiferromagnetic transverse field Ising model on the triangular lattice through large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations and stochastic analytic continuation. This model effectively describes a series of triangular rare-earth compounds, for example, TmMgGaO4. At weak transverse field, we capture the excitations related to topological quantum strings, which exhibit continuum features described by XY chain along the strings and those in accord with 'Luttinger string liquid' in the perpendicular direction. The continuum features can be well understood from the perspective of topological strings. Furthermore, we identify the contribution of strings from the excitation spectrum. Our study provides characteristic features for the experimental search for string-related excitations and proposes a theoretical method to pinpoint topological excitations in the experimental spectra.