DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING SELECTED TYPES OF VEHICLE TRANSPORT IN POLAND

Background: The paper presents the correlation between selected types of cargo transport by vehicle transport in Poland in the period 2008-2017 and selected factors influencing the types of cargo transport. The aim of this paper is to determine the correlation between vehicle transport of food products and of palletized goods, vehicle transport in total and gross domestic product (GDP). Methods: Decomposition was conducted using the LMDI method (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index). Three indicators were used in the analysis. The first was related to the increase and decrease in the interest in vehicle transport of food products and palletized products, the second was related to vehicle transport in general, and the third was related to changes in gross domestic product (GDP). Results: The yearly average increase in the transport of food products in the period 2008-2017 was approximately 3.31 billion tonne-km/year and palletized goods was approximately 8.02 billion tonne-km/year. Decomposition analysis proved that the reasons for these increases are related 50% and 54% respectively to the increase in GDP, in 33% and 35% respectively to the increase of whole vehicle cargo transport and only in 17% and 11% to the interest shown by enterprises in this specific type of cargo transport. Conclusions: The results of the analysis show that the main reason for the high increase in the transport of palletized goods and food products is the increase in economic growth expressed in GDP. The increase in vehicle transport in total has a smaller input, and the interest of enterprises in this specific type of cargo transport is the third reason in terms of its importance.