Oil Irradiation Experiments Document Changes in Oil Properties, Molecular Composition, and Dispersant Effectiveness Associated with Oil Photo-Oxidation

被引：17

作者：

Aeppli, Christoph ^{[1
]}

Mitchell, Douglas A.

Keyes, Phoebe ^{[1
]}

Beirne, Erin C. ^{[1
]}

McFarlin, Kelly M. ^{[2
]}

Roman-Hubers, Alina T. ^{[3
]}

Rusyn, Ivan ^{[3
]}

Prince, Roger C. ^{[4
]}

Zhao, Lin ^{[5
]}

Parkerton, Thomas F. ^{[6
]}

Nedwed, Tim ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA

[2] ExxonMobil Biomed Sci Inc, Clinton, NJ 08809 USA

[3] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[4] Stonybrook Apiary, Pittstown, NJ 08867 USA

[5] ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co, Spring, TX 77389 USA

[6] EnviSci Consulting LLC, Austin, TX 77433 USA

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY | 2022年 / 56卷 / 12期

关键词：

oil photodegradation; photoproducts; viscosity; Baffled Flask Test; ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry; co-solvents; WATER HORIZON INCIDENT; WEATHERED CRUDE-OIL; PHOTOSENSITIZED OXIDATION; PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; LIQUID VISCOSITY; SPILL; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; IONIZATION;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.est.1c06149

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

While chemical dispersants are a powerful tool for treating spilled oil, their effectiveness can be limited by oil weathering processes such as evaporation and emulsification. It has been suggested that oil photo-oxidation could exacerbate these challenges. To address the role of oil photo-oxidation in dispersant effectiveness, outdoor mesocosm experiments with crude oil on seawater were performed. Changes in bulk oil properties and molecular composition were quantified to characterize oil photo-oxidation over 11 days. To test relative dispersant effectiveness, oil residues were evaluated using the Baffled Flask Test. The results show that oil irradiation led to oxygen incorporation, formation of oxygenated hydrocarbons, and higher oil viscosities. Oil irradiation was associated with decreased dispersant efficacy, with effectiveness falling from 80 to <50% in the Baffled Flask Test after more than 3 days of irradiation. Increasing photo-oxidation-induced viscosity seems to drive the decreasing dispersant effectiveness. Comparing the Baffled Flask Test results with field data from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill showed that laboratory dispersant tests underestimate the dispersion of photo-oxidized oil in the field. Overall, the results suggest that prompt dispersant application (within 2-4 days), as recommended by current oil spill response guidelines, is necessary for effective dispersion of spilled oil.

引用

页码：7789 / 7799

页数：11

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