Infective endocarditis due to Tropheryma whipplei: A current challenge

Infective endocarditis is a fatal disease, which, despite improvements in its management, is still associated with high mortality and serious complications. A case is presented of a 35 year-old man with neurological symptoms associated with an aortic valve mass with a double valvular lesion. Suspecting infectious endocarditis, aortic valve replacement was performed. The patient had a history of spondyloarthropathy (treated with certolizumab) and beta-thalassaemia. In the postoperative period, he had a late cardiac tamponade, complications in the healing of the surgical wound, and anatrial-ventricular block requiring pacemaker implantation. He was re-intervened in the fourth post-operative month, with the finding of a sub-annular pseudoaneurysm, and a disruption of the native aortic ring. In a further intervention after 5 months it was decided to implant an aortic homograft in a sub-coronary position. An exhaustive differential diagnosis was made without confirmation of the aetiological agent until Tropheryma whipplei was found in the surgical material of the last surgery. (C) 2019 Sociedad Espatiola de Cirugia Toracica-Cardiovascular. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.